QUIZ
Launch ↗ Electron Transport Chain Simulator
The final stage of cellular respiration passes electrons from NADH and FADH2 down a chain of proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The energy released pumps protons across that membrane, and the gradient that builds up drives ATP synthase. Change temperature, carrier supply and oxygen, then watch ATP output rise or fall.
Launch InteractiveTopics covered
- Electron transport chain
- Chemiosmosis and proton gradients
- ATP synthase
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Electron carriers NADH and FADH2
- Oxygen as final electron acceptor
- Mitochondrial membrane structure
Educational Resources
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