Select a pipette from the standChoose the appropriate pipette based on volume needed. P20 for small volumes, P200 for medium, P1000 for large volumes.
2
Add Master Mix to test tubesMaster Mix contains Taq DNA polymerase, dNTPs (nucleotides), MgCl2, and reaction buffer. This provides all the building blocks for DNA synthesis.
3
Add primers to test tubesForward and reverse primers define the DNA region to amplify. They bind to complementary sequences and provide starting points for DNA synthesis.
4
Add DNA template to test tubesThe DNA sample containing your target sequence. This will be copied millions of times during PCR amplification.
5
Centrifuge prepared tubesBrief centrifugation mixes reagents and removes air bubbles, ensuring all components are at the bottom of the tube for optimal reaction.
6
Start PCR thermocyclerThe thermocycler will heat and cool samples through multiple cycles, denaturing DNA, allowing primers to bind, and synthesizing new DNA strands.
Genomic
Human Genomic DNA - Complete human genome sample
Lambda
Lambda Phage DNA - Viral DNA used as control
HBB Gene
Human Beta-globin gene region - For sickle cell analysis
Sterile Pipette Tips - Always use fresh tips to avoid contamination
Thermocycler Running
95°C
Initializing...
Cycle: 0 / 30
PCR Cycle Animation
FWD
REV
Pol
Pol
Running PCR cycles...
Welcome to Virtual PCR! 🧬
Welcome to the Virtual PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Laboratory! This simulation allows you to amplify specific DNA sequences using the same principles used in real molecular biology labs.
What is PCR?
PCR is a revolutionary technique that makes millions of copies of specific DNA sequences. It's like a molecular photocopier that can find and amplify tiny amounts of DNA, making it possible to study genes, diagnose diseases, and solve crimes.
Select Your Experiment:
🧪 Standard Mode
Free exploration with any DNA template and custom primers
🔍 Case 1: CSI Analysis
Multiplex PCR to amplify forensic markers TH01 and VWA
👨👩👦 Case 2: Paternity Test
Amplify specific markers to determine biological relationships