Discover the amazing world of cells - the basic units of life. In this interactive tool, you'll build and explore different types of cells while learning about their structures and functions.
Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells. Cell theory, one of the fundamental principles of biology, states that:
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms
All cells come from pre-existing cells
Organelles: Tiny Machines Inside Cells
Just like a factory has different departments with specific jobs, cells contain specialized structures called organelles. Each organelle has a unique function that keeps the cell alive and healthy.
Key Organelles and Their Functions
Nucleus: The control center containing DNA and genetic instructions
Mitochondria: The powerhouse that produces energy (ATP)
Ribosomes: Protein factories that build proteins from amino acids
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Transportation network for proteins and lipids
Golgi Body: The post office that packages and ships proteins
Lysosomes: Recycling centers that break down waste
Chloroplasts: Solar panels in plant cells that capture light energy
Two Main Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
Simple, ancient cells without a nucleus. Bacteria are prokaryotes.
DNA and ribosomes float freely in the cytoplasm
Very small (1-10 micrometers)
Often have a cell wall for protection
Eukaryotic Cells
Complex cells with a nucleus. Animals, plants, and fungi are eukaryotes.
Have membrane-bound organelles
DNA organized in chromosomes inside the nucleus
Larger (10-100 micrometers)
Many specialized organelles
How to Build Your Cell
Main Controls
Choose Membrane: Start by selecting a cell membrane shape (circle, oval, rectangle, etc.) and adjust its size
Add Organelles: Click to add organelles like mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, and more to your cell
Investigate: Click on organelles to learn about their functions and roles in the cell
Select: Select organelles to move, copy, delete, or add custom labels to them
Try the Missions
Complete 8 different missions to build specific cell types like animal cells, plant cells, bacteria, and specialized cells like neurons and muscle cells!